Os jogos teatrais na formação de professores: o corpo do professor como sistema de interações

Abstract

This dissertation has as its research object the investigation of how educational processes known as theatrical games, which are used in the artistic training of actors, have the potential for the training of teachers in basic schools. We start from the study of the forms of communication of the teacher's body when he develops interactions between all the subjects present in the classroom, then we carry out experiments with theatrical games in the curricular courses of Supervised Internship of Degree in History, UEPB – State University of Paraíba, Humanities Center, Campus III, Guarabira – Paraíba, in the years 2022 and 2023. The purpose of this work was to analyze the processes of developing the control of gestures and body expressions of the teacher in training, based on the use of theatrical games, to develop in undergraduate students characteristics that are required in teaching know-how. The research method used was action research, based on observation of the bodies of future teachers, interaction with games, and initial teacher training, which is graduation. We selected the theatrical games by Viola Spolin (2004), Ingrid Koudela (1992), and Augusto Boal (1991) to propose experiences, mainly due to the formative, inventive, and social impact possibilities that each author represents. We start from Walter Benjamin's concept of experience (1985), to discuss the lack of experiences with the use of the body in teacher training and the concepts of narrator, through which we insert the polyphony of the text with the reports of those involved in the research. The relevance of our work consists in contributing to discussions in the field of teacher training for the development of communication expressions that are articulated by the teacher's body when teaching classes. In this context, we highlight the importance of the rapprochement between Augusto Boal's theater of the oppressed and Paulo Freire's principles regarding education as a practice of freedom. Regarding understanding the body of the teacher in training as a profession of interactions, we support the research in the work of Maurice Tardif (2014) and Claude Lessard (2014). In the end, we present as an educational product of our research the Guide: Theatrical Games in Teacher Training, The teacher's body as a system of interactions, in which we recreate the theatrical games of the mentioned authors to meet the specificities of this professional's training. It is teaching material, that explains our theoretical concepts, language, and games recreated for the objectives of teacher training, for all areas of knowledge.