Palma forrageira e o ensino de Química: Diálogo entre os saberes e fazeres populares e escolares

Abstract

Chemistry teaching has been shaped over the years, so that teachers have been seeking to use teaching methodologies that establish links between scientific knowledge and popular knowledge in the school environment. In this perspective, this research aimed to evaluate a teaching intervention, seeking to work popular, scientific and school knowledge with farmers from the rural Quixudi community and students from the 3rd year of high school, in the municipality of Soledade-PB, through the generator theme: " Foraging Palm”, in a contextualized way for the study of the saponification reaction. This research has a qualitative approach with participant observation. The subjects involved were 4 farmers and 63 students from two classes of the 3rd year of high school at a state school, both belonging to the municipality of Soledade-PB. For this research, interviews were conducted, presentation of a short course and application of a teaching intervention on the use of forage cactus in human nutrition and in the production of soap. The data collection instruments were based on the application of three questionnaires. The first questionnaire was aimed at farmers and was related to the cultivation of forage cactus. The second questionnaire contained 4 questions which were taken from the matrix of the National High School Exam (ENEM) and Vestibular and was related to the verification of students' learning. The third questionnaire was applied to the students and contained five subjective questions about the applied teaching intervention. With the first questionnaire, it was understood that the farmers participating in the research had knowledge about the use of forage cactus in animal and human food. With the application of the second questionnaire, it was found that most students had satisfactory performance in the learning verification activity. Through the application of the third questionnaire, it was possible to understand that the teaching intervention contributed to the students' learning in the study of the saponification reaction, noting that 58 students approved the applied intervention. The realization of this research promoted dialogues between popular, scientific and school knowledge. It was also possible to understand the importance of using the forage palm in human nutrition, as it has important vitamins and nutrients for health, as well as the application of the palm in soap production, as it has astringent properties that help skin hydration. This research enabled the contextualization of teaching Chemistry and expanded the knowledge of farmers and students about the use of forage cactus in human nutrition and in the production of soap.