Ensino de leitura e práticas de letramento na Educação de Jovens e Adultos: perfil dos alunos e possibilidades didáticas.

Abstract

Many young and adult students from public schools – which we have worked with for a few years – in spite of agreeing about the importance of reading for life, they do not value the reading events in the social curricular and extracurricular contexts they participate. This reality becomes more disturbing when the school does not motivate socially-situated reading, often denaturalizing the reading act. In this context, the research shown here turns to the real situations analysis of the teaching-learning process of reading in order to contribute to the enhancement of the teaching practices, emphasizing the development of the critical subject reader from his valuing of literacy practices. For this purpose, we chose the research-action methodological model, ethnographically based, once our practice is of cooperation among the representative subjects of the situation and issue: 8th graded elementary school students, in the modality EJA, from a school in the state education network, located in Campina Grande – PB. For the conduction of this study, both in the intervention planning and data analysis generated by it, we considered the theoretical contribution for the reading instruction from the social interactionist theory of teaching (BAKHTIN (1979), DOLZ, NOVERRAZ, and SCHNEUWLY (2004), KOCH and ELIAS (2014), ANTUNES (2003)), in the contribution of literacy studies (STREET (2000), GEE (1999), FREIRE (2006), KLEIMAN (2008), SOARES (1991), ROJO (2009)), as well as in the suggested approaches in the official documents that guide EJA and the elementary school in Brazil. In this study, we investigated the students’ profiles of the concerned group regarding its contribution as subject readers and literacy practices from which they participate inside and outside school. Besides, we built and lived a didactic intervention based in socially situated reading practices. During the analysis of the data from the intervening process, we observed the didactic actions effects lived in the terms of the reading practices redimensioning and improvement undertaken by the students in different contexts. Thus, we determined that all 25 students – research subjects – show a heterogeneous profile of literacy practices they are playing in their daily lives and frequently do not recognize as socially proper the reading practices they play in these contexts. By carrying out the classes of the didactic sequence for the teaching of reading, we realized noteworthy change in the perception of reading in daily life, with crescent valuing of the reading act as social insertion practice and learning fosterer.