Explorando o espectro eletromagnético em uma sequência de ensino: tipos de radiações e medidas de proteção

Abstract

In the world around us, physical phenomena are a constant presence. Among them, two stand out: movements and waves. We know that it's hard to imagine a situation in which we are not in contact with movements or immersed in waves. Particularly, with all the technological development of the modern world where we are constantly exposed to various forms of electromagnetic radiation, it is crucial to understand the different types of radiation and the corresponding protection measures. Our objective was to develop and apply a teaching sequence designed to explore the electromagnetic spectrum, addressing everything from its fundamental properties to its practical applications. The approach adopted in this teaching sequence was based on the “Three Pedagogical Moments”: Initial Problematization, Organization of Knowledge, and Application of Knowledge. Through diverse activities, such as the use of computational simulators, written activities, research, and group debates, students were encouraged to build their knowledge about the different types of electromagnetic radiation and to develop an awareness of issues related to electromagnetic radiation. The application of the teaching sequence proved to be an effective approach to promote the understanding of the electromagnetic spectrum, transforming the classroom into an environment of dialogue, investigation, and critical reflection, going beyond the memorization of concepts and connecting physics with the students' daily lives.