A mineração no seridó oriental paraibano: Discutindo as funções inorgânicas por meio de uma sequência didática investigativa com base na abordagem CTS(A) e na educação em direitos humanos

Abstract

Chemical Education has recognized the importance of teaching-learning strategies based on the Science, Technology, Society and Environment (STSE) approach, aiming to include themes linked to the social reality of students in the approach to chemical content. One of the themes that may be relevant in this context is mining. Based on socioeconomic dynamism, mineral exploration is also responsible for causing conflicts and vulnerabilities, of different types, to ecosystem resources and local communities, characteristics that open up a wide spectrum of opportunities for pedagogical actions, such as those associated with Human Rights Education (HRE). In this direction, this work brings an adaptation of design research involving the STS(E) and HRE approach, for the teaching-learning of Inorganic Functions in High School, based on the theme “mining”, with an emphasis on the Eastern Seridó of Paraíba, particularly in the municipality of Pedra Lavrada. The text is structured into chapters, linked together. Initially, a State of the Art research is presented, in which we sought to obtain a panoramic view of the approach to the theme “mining” in the teaching of Chemistry, and its interrelations with the STS(E) approach and with HRE, within in a representative part of Brazilian academic production. Next, there is a theoretical study, of a bibliographic nature, aimed at identifying the main scientific, technological, social and environmental aspects related to mining in the Seridó Oriental of Paraíba, with emphasis on the municipality of Pedra Lavrada, and its potential for teaching-learning Inorganic Functions, based on the fundamentals of the STS(E) and HRE approach. With these elements in hand, in a third part, the didactic design of planning a Investigative Didactic Sequence (IDS) within this perspective is presented. Finally, there is a description of the development and application of the IDS validation instrument, carried out together with professors-researchers in Chemical Education, highlighting the advantages, difficulties and challenges of the proposal. Among the results obtained, the following stand out: i) the lack of work on the theme “mining”, in Chemical Education, especially associated with HRE; ii) the importance of this theme for the teaching of Chemistry, particularly for the teaching of Inorganic Functions, whether in a Planetary context or in the Eastern Seridó of Paraíba; iii) the planning of a IDS considered adequate for a humanized treatment of Science in the approach of chemical contents, notably due to the fact that the proposal provides a concrete approximation between the reality of mining activity in the Eastern Seridó of Paraíba based on the connections of STS(E) aspects with HRE.