Determinantes individuais e do contexto escolar associados ao traumatismo dentário e à procura por tratamento do traumatismo em escolares de 8 a 10 anos

Abstract

Avaliated the association of individual determinants and the school context with dental trauma and the search for treatment of trauma in schoolchildren. Itis all cross-sectional and analytical in Campina Grande-PB, with 739 pairs of parents/guardians dand children from eight to 10 years of age. The parents/guardians answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, and a question about the search for treatment for the child's "beaten tooth," the Sleep Disorders Scale for Children, the Circadian Energy Scale, the Assessment Scale of Adaptability and Family Cohesion, the Literacy Scale in Oral Health. The children answered the anxiety questionnaire (RCMAS). Dental trauma was assessed according to Andreasen criteria (2007). The inter- and intra-examiner agreements denoted good reliability (K>0.80). Individual and multilevel models of Poisson regression and logistic regression for complex samples were used (p<0.05). Structural equation modeling was used to determine direct and indirect associations between the variables incorporated into the conceptual model of the study. The prevalence of dental trauma in the sample was 16.2% and demand for treatment was 44.7%. Associated with dental trauma the family income ≤1. 100.0 reais (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.09-2.88), the child's height >137.6 cm (OR = 1.68; CI 95%: 1.06-2.64), the presence of school jet lag (OR = 2.12; CI 95%: 1.27-3.53), the presence of anxiety (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.04-3.00), the presence of sleep disorders (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.38-1.93), single parents (PR= 2.33; 95% CI: 1.79–2.66), sports (PR = 2.46; 95% CI: 1.70-3.22), daily use of electronic devices (PR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.31–1.81), exposure time to screens greater than two hours daily (PR = 3.84; 95% CI: 1.94–4.28) and belonging to chaotic families (PR = 4.22; 95% CI: 3.44-4.99), studying in public school (PR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.02-3.05) and present cement floor in the school yard (PR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.15–3.15). The individual factors associated with seeking treatment were : white-skinned children (PR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.08-1.76), daily use of electronic devices by children (PR = 1.26; CI 95%: 1.02-1.50), maternal age greater than 35 years (PR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.50-1.90), married parents (PR = 1.93; CI 95%: 1.70-2.23), parents/guardians with schooling greater than eight years of schooling (RP = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.76-2.23) and with adequate literacy in oral health (PR = 3.33; CI 95% [3.01-3.62]). At the contextual level, private school (PR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.02-3.05) and the number of Basic Health Units with Oral Health Team in the school health district (PR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.12–2.38). School jet lag (95% CI: -0.390-0.087), income (95% CI: 0.0010-0.292) and the number of people in the family (95% CI: -0.212-0.007) directly influenced dental trauma. Sociodemographic and contextual factors were associated with dental trauma and the search for treatment of dental trauma in schoolchildren aged 8 to 10 years.