Oersted e as bobinas: quantificando e difundindo a história da ciência

Abstract

Official documents and educators have, over a few decades, emphasized the potential of the History of Science for Science Teaching. However, empirical works on this topic still bring many obstacles in the realization of this potential, such as the excessive use of texts that do not encourage student participation. In this sense, the present work adopted a historical-investigative approach, inserting experimental activities based on historical case studies presented through an audiovisual resource (video). For this, we developed a video of the historical episode "Electromagnetism - Hans Christian Oersted". The historical episode explores the different conceptions of electricity and magnetism during the first half of the 19th century, as well as allowing us to explore scientific work. The video led to an investigative teaching proposal, in order to provoke discussions and stimulate experimental research. For the experimental activity, the qualitative approach adopted by Oersted is contrasted with the quantitative and systematized approach that is usually associated with experimental scientific work, questioning empirical-inductivist conceptions about Science. The teaching proposal was aimed at students of the 3rd year of Basic Education as part of the electromagnetism content. As a form of validation, the proposal was developed alternatively through remote teaching, exchanging experimental manipulation activities for questionnaires and other resources. As a result, we observed that the video overcame the obstacle related to reading texts and allowed to carry out discussions even remotely. However, it was observed that the investigative approach loses a lot in remote teaching by preventing the manipulation of objects, and proposing new hypotheses. In this sense, it is emphasized that the potential of the History of Science in Science Teaching requires an investigative environment in which interaction allows discussions, arguments and, also, the materiality of scientific knowledge through experimental investigations.