Ensino-Aprendizagem de Trigonometria através da resolução e exploração de problemas e cotidiano da sala de aula

Abstract

This project offers a discussion-reflection about learning- teaching trigonometry, through solving and exploring problems of everyday classroom routine. The objective is to investigate the possibilities of learning-teaching trigonometry with the solving and exploring approach, in a classroom routine, in which we will rethink not only the learning/teaching process of trigonometry, but also the classroom social context. Researches show that trigonometry is an obstacle in teaching for both students and teachers. Students find the main issues in learning trigonometry related to non-understanding its concepts and ideas, such as trouble making connections between trigonometry's triangle rectangle and the trigonometric circle. Teachers find the main issues to be operational and conceptual. The trigonometry classes emphasize techniques, but not the formation of concepts, and the majority of the graduated teachers have the school books as their only resource, which in some way puts limits on the teachers abilities of solving teaching/learning issues of their students. No methodology can cover the complex and the multi contextual classroom environment, thus is necessary to have a suspicious, restlessness view of this environment. This way we present the problems solution and exploration as a possible teaching methodology, which we believe can facilitate to formation of concepts and mathematical ideas to rethink teaching techniques. From the planning to development/execution of the research, was used a qualitative approach type: everyday studies (Garcia, Alves, Ferraco, Serpa, among others) and educational research (Lankshear and Knobel), in which the researcher executes the teacher/researcher role in his own classroom, analyzing how/ why/ what for teach mathematics. The laboratory took place in a high school of Paraiba (Escola Estadual Da Paraiba) sophomore classroom , using educational experiment with trigonometric contents, solving and exploring problems. Among the results obtained we could mention: intense participation of the students in solving problems, effective communication between teachers and students and students with students during classes, transforming the classroom into an environment where the explored trigonometric concepts are built and spread.