A (RE)-SIGNIFICAÇÃO DO DISCURSO DEMOCRÁTICO NO ESPAÇO ESCOLAR

Abstract

The present work comprehends The Democratic Speech at the School. It reconstitutes the implantation of PRODASEC / Urban in Campina Grande - PB (1981-1983), a program financed by the World Bank, in the 80s. At that time, there was a miracle in Brazil and increase of urban movements. As soon as the conflicts appear because of the crisis, showed as an absolute crisis and turned in to a threat to the stability of the model of the market internationalization, during the military government. The safe transition of the military government for the civil government justified the external mediation, of the MB, in programs destined to the social stabilization. PRODASEC / Urban was one of those programs with the objective to measure, through education the association of the urban social movements and to provide them financial autonomy, by the generation of income. We followed the implantation of that Program, as a technician, as a coordinator and director of the School. It was identified problems in the management of the Program and the school and especially how to maintain the school, after the end of the Program, brought fidgets and stimulate us to do this research. As an investigation problem, we choose the relationship between education democracy and social democracy or, more precisely, the (re) signification of the democratic speech in the school institution. Is there relation between the speech at school and the democratic procedures in the society? It was defined as objectives: analyze the (re) signification of the democratic procedures in the society, in the education and in the speech at school; analyze relations of power and ways of participation in the organizations of the work and in the curriculum. Our theoretical support was according to the studies of Castoriadis (2007) and Tocqueville (s/d), about democracy and the dimension of the study was according to the study developed by Giddens (1991) that constitute the capitalism as main institution of the bourgeois society. According to the methodology, this research was a study of case, in the historical time of the institution. The empirical research was developed at the State School, that remained from the PRODASEC/Urban. The subjects of the investigation were the teachers of the first phase of the basic education and the technicians. It was used semi-structured interviews and to get more information it was used the observation and the analysis of documents. The data were organized by categories - organization of the work and management of the school and organization of the curriculum - submitted to the content analysis, (BARDIN, 2006). With the results, it was observed that: the authoritarian procedures in the social and education management were transferred to the school institution; hierarchical power relationships; the administration work and the execution one are far from; absence in the educational work objective; lack of knowledge of the school dynamics and the participation of teachers in the school works. It was verified that, if we exclude the contingency of the results, the school is going to be limited to reproduce an unequal structures of power and if the possibilities of application of democratic procedures were take off it not possible to form critical citizens able to query the society and their institutions.