A resolução de problemas e o ensino por investigação: um guia para o ensino da óptica aplicado ao efeito fotovoltaico

Abstract

This work aimed to build and apply an educational product that was based on the use of problems with an investigative nature, based on the functioning of solar panels for its formulation. This approach was applied to a second-year class of regular basic education in a public school in the state of Paraíba, where this researcher works as a Physics teacher. To achieve this objective, an Application Guide for the proposal was created, which includes problems with different levels of difficulty related to optics, as well as an introduction to the operation of solar panels from the perspective of physical phenomena. In addition to addressing these aspects, the process of applying the product was described, including a report on the students’ impressions regarding the proposal and the teacher’s perceptions of the difficulties and changes that occurred in the students’ behavior. This description made it possible to report whether a teaching method based on problem solving can be an effective tool for diversifying basic education and streamlining the teaching and learning process.