Transfronteira na obra de Guimarães Rosa: da Alemanha para-a-guerra das crônicas ao sertão mundo

Abstract

The interest in the work of the writer João Guimarães Rosa arises from the conception of the studies started during the master's degree, when we analyze Grande Sertão: Veredas (1956) about the Pacto nas Veredas [and other pacts], from the perspective of the relationship established between the literature and hermeneutics. As for the main objective of this thesis, it is possible to affirm that it consists of offering a hermeneutic proposal through the bias of memory and cultural studies. To this end, narratives that integrate the posthumously published work, Ave, Palavra (1970), were selected as corpora, as well as excerpts from the manuscript commonly called Diário Alemão (German Diary, also War Diary), as well as narratives from Corpo de Baile (1956), Estas Estórias (1969), being them O Recado do Morro and Meu Tio o Iauaretê. The narratives that integrate Ave, Palavra, examples of literature about everyday life, can be categorized as short stories or chronicles. The latter, therefore, is the option made by the close relationship considered with regard to the records of the Diário de Rosa as Vice-Consul in Hamburg. The impacts on the author's perspective, regarding his experience as a diplomat in Nazi Germany, precisely in the first years of the Second World War, seem to reflect in a very unique way in the literary productions after the moment. When considering them, the reading of Rosa's work allows the articulation of some operational concepts, namely: migration as a constitutive process of literature, unpredictability of contagions, narrative transculturation and cultural hybridism. The first is quite significant for the understanding of some literary productions, according to the readings of Edward Said (2003, 2005) and Josefina Ludmer (2006; 2010). The second is fundamental for Ángel Rama (1982), with regard to the “blends” that can be seen in narratives by writers from the global south, especially from Latin America. The third is important for understanding the literary world when we think about Edouard Glissant's theories (2005;2011). The latter is propositional, according to the perceptions of Peter Burke (2003) and Néstor Canclini (2019), for a notion of modern and contemporary cultural relations. In addition, thoughts by Hannah Arendt (1960) and Lélia Gonzalez (2020) compose this ecumenical omelet of reflections. Using these concepts, my thesis proposal aims to offer an understanding in the literature about cultural studies, which helps to compose the theoretical contribution of this analysis, in search of thinking about Rosa's literature from the perspective of the term cross-border, coined by Rosa in her narrative Homem, Intentada Viagem.