O uso de tecnologia da informação e comunicação (TIC) no ensino de Biologia

Abstract

The work consists of analyzing the academic production of the Graduate Programs in Teaching and Education that addresses the use of communication and information technologies (ICT) in the teaching of Biology. The question that guided the research is: "How is the discussion about the use of ICT in the teaching of biology being approached?” It is, therefore, a research of the state of knowledge type. The data for analysis were captured in the virtual environment of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes), as well as in the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD), of the Brazilian Institute of Information in Science and Technology (IBICT). To search for the data, we used the descriptors "TIC" and "teaching biology" with a time frame covering the period from 2008 to 2017. When accessing the virtual environments of these institutions, we performed two collections using the selection criteria the works that appeared in the use of descriptors, deal with the use of ICT in the teaching of biology in high school and that are part of stricto sensu graduate programs in science and mathematics teaching. The first phase of the collection was based on reading the titles, subtitles and abstracts of the works to select those that present the descriptors. In the second phase, we observed the works through a full reading. The examination of dissertations and thesis, the target of our investigation, was carried out based on records (containing title, author, defense institution, discussion, research problem, objective, methodology, main authors, results, conclusions and final considerations) under analysis qualitative, aiming to reveal the following aspects: focus of discussion, research problem, methodological approach, theoretical framework, results and conclusions, as categories defined a priori. The results indicate a greater number of researches in the years of 2015 and 2016 totaling half of all productions. The results also indicated a predominance of research that investigates the use of videos, animations and films which the authors consider as resources that are easy to apply in the classroom and that have rich content for discussions in the classroom. Social networks compound the second group that it appeared frequently in the investigations, being perceived by the authors as great tools to accelerate communication and debate between educators and pupils. The net most investigated social issue was Facebook, being investigated in the dissemination of information to be discussed by students on the social network itself. Then there are the Games and internet sites in number of deliberated. We also noticed a predominance of the contents of genetics and ecology, contents treated in the most investigated ICT by the authors. Finally, considering that we conducted our research in the professional master's course, we created as a product resulting from this work, a virtual environment (web site) in which we present several examples of the use of TIC in various contents for biology classes.