Desenvolvimento de software para uso de manequim odontológico em ambiente virtual ou em realidade virtual e metaverso

Abstract

This master’s thesis presents the development and evaluation of OdontoSim 3D, a virtual reality software created to enhance learning in Dentistry. The main objective of the project was to offer an interactive tool that simulates the performance of dental procedures, providing an immersive educational experience, allowing risk-free practice for the patient, and improving clinical skills. To identify scientific gaps related to this theme, a bibliographic survey was conducted in the Virtual Health Library (BVS), PUBMED, and SCOPUS databases, along with a survey of functional and non-functional requirements, intraoral scanning of a model patient to obtain a digital STL file, software development, software validation with the sample, data collection, and data processing and analysis. In applying the questionnaire to the sample of Dentistry students, the questions addressed overall satisfaction with the software, ease of use, its contribution to learning compared to traditional methods, the realism of simulations, and engagement during activities. Responses were collected and analyzed, allowing a comparison between the perceptions of the two samples. Data analysis indicated that Sample 1 considered OdontoSim 3D an effective tool, while Sample 2 pointed out the need for improvements in realism and interactivity. Recommendations include adjustments based on user feedback and continued software development. The development of OdontoSim 3D achieved the proposed goals, creating a functional platform for the virtualization of dental mannequins, with interactive simulations of clinical procedures. The use of detailed 3D models and features like zoom and rotation allowed for accurate analysis. However, the lack of full integration with real intraoral scanning data and the small sample size for validation limited the accuracy and generalization of the results. Despite this, the software significantly contributed to dental education, allowing unlimited repetition of procedures and immediate visual feedback. The virtual system offers advantages over using physical mannequins, such as eliminating clinical risks and reducing costs. Repeating procedures and real-time interaction with 3D models enhanced students' learning. Although the limitation of graphic realism was a challenge, the platform demonstrated great potential to transform dental education. The software also showed scalability, allowing expansion to more complex procedures. Furthermore, the research highlighted the need for improvements, such as the integration of artificial intelligence for self-diagnosis and optimization of graphic rendering. The introduction of virtual simulations in dental education is an innovative tool that improves students' learning process, providing a safe environment for practice before treating real patients, thereby raising the quality of teaching and clinical practice. The intellectual property of the software was registered with the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), ensuring its legality in the market.