Desenvolvimento de protocolo da estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua associada a educação em dor para tratamento da dor lombar crônica não específica

Abstract

Chronic low back pain is considered one of the biggest public health problems. To contribute to the treatment of chronic low back pain, interventions capable of activating the pain modulation system, such as non-invasive brain stimulation, are excellent alternatives. Another intervention method is pain education based on neuroscience, being a tool that helps health professionals in the biopsychosocial approach and management of these individuals. The objective of the present work is: Develop a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) protocol associated with neuroscience-based pain education (EBN) for the treatment of chronic low back pain. About the methods: The methodological procedure was developed through experimental research, of the randomized clinical trial type, addressing quantitative aspects. The sample consisted of 50 people with chronic low back pain who met the following inclusion criteria: individuals of both sexes; be over 18 years old; Individuals with persistent low back pain for more than three (3) months. After meeting the inclusion criteria, the sample was divided into two groups. G1 received tDCS + pain education booklet and G2 received an exercise program + pain education booklet. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, using the StatisticalPackage for Social Science (SPSS) software version 13.0. Regarding the results: The intervention with tDCS showed a statistically significant response in the reevaluation. Furthermore, non-invasive stimulation has been shown to be capable of promoting pain neuromodulation in people with chronic low back pain, as well as reducing pain sensation. Furthermore, the study demonstrated important information about therapeutic modalities to be used in the field of neuroscience and pain. Regarding the conclusion: Both tDCS and therapeutic exercises have the potential to influence pain perception. This study revealed that, in the short term, tDCS was more effective in modulating neuroplasticity than exercises, demonstrating its ability to act more powerfully in this aspect. Pain education based on neuroscience comprises changes in lifestyle habits, essential for the individual's deeper understanding of the nature of pain and, consequently, for the perception of the limitations that this painful condition imposes.