Desenvolvimento de aparelho estimulador muscular de baixo custo para emprego em cirurgias de anomalias anorretais em pacientes pediátricos brasileiros

Abstract

Anorectal anomalies are represented by a spectrum of changes in the proper localization of the anus. To perform corrective surgery, which is called anorectoplasty, the surgeon needs an electrostimulator device that promotes the contraction of the perineal muscles so that he can fix the anus in the most symmetrical place possible. The challenge currently faced comes from the issue of not having, for 08 years, a device authorized for marketing in Brazil. Thus, the objective was to develop a low-cost muscle stimulator device for use in surgeries of anorectal anomaly. We set up a multidisciplinary group developing a safe device capable of stimulating the perineal muscles of children (patients under 16 years of age) with electrical pulses consisting of alternating currents, biphasic, asymetic, with shots in 10-pulse with a frequency of 60 Hz and interval between the burst variable from 1 to 3 seconds or fired at the will of the user through a pedal, being able to stimulate muscles with about 20% of the current used with a conventional electrostimulator, for its ability to produce burst of pulses instead of single pulses, resulting in the phenomenon called "spatial summation" that produces tetanic-like contractions. This equipment is fully digital, microcontrolled, with the pulses presenting a duration of 250 microseconds, with a voltage graduated in 10 levels of no more than 200 Volt, reaching less than 80 milliamperes of current. The device can be activated in 3 ways: automatic, continuous and pedal, giving greater possibilities and freedom of use to the surgeon, transmitting the current generated to the patient through a double needle tip pen, sterile.