Estimativas de adaptabilidade e estabilidade em cultivares e linhagens de algodoeiro herbáceo na região semiárida

Abstract

Brazil has stood out among the world's largest producers and exporters, currently the fourth largest producer of the cotton plume in the world and the second largest exporter. In the semi-arid regions of the Northeast, small and medium-sized producers make cotoniculture one of the main activities of the rural environment. Therefore, the development of breeding programs that identify cultivars adapted to the conditions of the region is essential. In the conduction of these programs, the study of the interaction genotypes x environments before the selection and recommendation of cultivars help in the choice and indication of the best materials. The present work aimed to evaluate the interaction genotypes by environments and estimate the parameters of adaptability and stability of the final lines of upland cotton from the Embrapa cotton breeding program in order to identify genotypes adapted and stable for the conditions of the Semiarid Nordestino. Eighteen genotypes were evaluated in the cities of Alagoinha-PB; EC beard; Serra Talhada-PE and Missão Velha-CE in the years 2020 and 2021, totaling five environments, the characteristics evaluated were: cotton seed productivity, cotton yield in feather, weight of a capulho, fiber length, resistance, micronarie, reflectance and reliability. Analyses of individual, joint variance and adaptability and stability analyses were performed following the methodologies proposed by Eberhart and Russell (1966), Lin and Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998), Annicchiarico (1992) and GGE Biplot (2000). The different methodologies adopted in this study were concordant and complementary, being efficient and easy to apply in the identification of adapted and stable genotypes. The results obtained indicated the CNPA BA 2016-316 genotypes; CNPA BA 2016-1294, CNPA BA 2016-1299, CNPA BA 2016-3788; CNPA BA 2015-2353 FL and CNPA BA 2016-316 were the productive ones and showed wide adaptability and stability for growing conditions in the semi-arid northeastern region.