A adesão ao exame clínico das mamas quanto os fatores socioeconômicos e o uso de serviços públicos em Campina Grande

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: breast cancer (BC) is still a relevant Public Health problem and is the one that most affects women in Brazil. Methods such as the Clinical Breast Examination (CBE), facilitate the early detection of BC, thus reducing its manifestation. It is a key part of your diagnosis and is performed by a healthcare professional, such as a doctor or nurse, who are trained to recognize many different types of breast abnormalities and warning signs. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the socioeconomic profile of women in terms of BC prevention and compare the performance of BC among women who visit two different public health units. MATERIALS AND METHODS: this is an observational, analytical and cross-sectional study that was carried out at UBSF Nossa Senhora Aparecida and at the Health Center in the city of Campina Grande, with 180 women. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. All statistical analyzes were performed using the SPSS STATISTICS™ software (SPPS; IBM company; version 28). The t test was applied to compare continuous variables and Pearson's chi-square (χ2) test to analyze categorical variables. To quantify the associations between variables and CBE attendance, nominal logistic regression analysis was applied. RESULTS: Of the total number of women, 102 (56.7%) and 38 (21.1%) performed the ECM once a year and every two years. The low level of education and low income were characteristics of 111 (61.7%) and 117 (65.0%). At the health center, 18 (7.3%) and 11 (10.0%) of the 110 women attended the service every month and every three months, while women at the UBSF, 24 (34.3%) and 16 (22.9%), considering the same frequency. The 63 (35.0%) women of European descent had 2.45 (OR= 0.409; 95% CI: 0.19-0.86) and 5.41 (OR= 0.185; 95% CI: 0.07- 0.52) times lower chance of annual CBE performance (p = 0.003). Women who used the gynecologist service ≤ every two years had a 7.50 times (3.16-17.80) greater chance of having an annual CBE (p<0.001).In a regression model of independent variables adjusted by age, the use of the health service during every six months increased the chance of performing the annual MBE by 6.02 (95%CI: 1.46-24.88) times (p = 0.152; Table 4). In addition, the use of the gynecological service ≤ every two years increased the chance of annual CS 10.31(95%CI: 3.90-27.26) times (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Current results show that ECM recommendation and performance can vary considerably among women using different public health service centers. The performance was positive associated with the recommendation made by the doctor/nurse and the use of the gynecological service, increasing the chance of regular BC tracking.