Avaliação por tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico do tecido gengival e osso alveolar em dentes tratados endodonticamente

Abstract

The main objective of the study was to measure and compare the marginal gingival tissue and vestibular alveolar bone using cone beam computed tomography in endodontically treated teeth and healthy teeth. This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional observational study with approval of the Research Ethics Committee (UEPB) under the following CAAE: 58400622.0.0000.5187. The sample consisted of CBCT of 360 anterior teeth with uniform distribution (n=60) between the central, lateral and canine incisors, dichotomized in endodontically treated teeth and healthy teeth. The agreement of the observers was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). The ANOVA test was selected to compare the three groups of teeth and the T test for independent samples for the two groups of teeth. A Pearson correlation for the variables ECO, EG and JCE_CO was also performed. Measurements were made to assess bone and gingival thickness, as well as distances between vestibular periodontal structures, which are the amelocementary junction, gingival margin and vestibular bone crest and a method to define dental angulation. Significant statistical differences were found in the measurements according to the type and group of teeth. The central incisor had a greater gingival thickness (p <0.001), as well as greater distances between the amelocementary junction and gingival margin (p <0.001), and a higher mean between the marginal and cortical bone (p = 0.002). Filled teeth had lower bone thickness (p<0.001) and greater gingival thickness (p<0.001). Weak positive and negative correlations were also found, with significant statistical differences between the groups. It was concluded that the volumetric analysis of periodontal tissues from a high resolution tomograph was observed that the endodontically treated teeth showed a greater loss of bone crests, as well as a thinner bone structure. In contrast, the thickness of the gums was thicker.