Caracterização da droga vegetal de Erythrina velutina Willd e prospecção da atividade ansiolítica toxicidade aguda do chá da casca

Abstract

Pathological anxiety is a psychic disorder that is currently the most common cause of disability worldwide, a fact that has intensified the search for new treatments with fewer adverse effects and better therapeutic efficacy. Erythryna velutina is a native species of the Caatinga, a unique Brazilian biome with semiarid characteristics. The species has sedative, anticonvulsant, neuroprotective and anxiolytic activities, acting mainly on central nervous system targets. Thus, the present dissertation aimed to characterize the plant drug obtained from E. velutina peels (VEVD), to evaluate the non-clinical acute toxicological effect of EVDv tea and to investigate its possible anxiolytic effect in vivo. For the characterization, apparent density, pH determination, Foam Index (IE), Swelling Index, thermal techniques Thermogravimetry (TG) and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and phytochemical analysis of EVD were performed. To evaluate the toxicological effect, cytotoxicity in erythrocytes and acute oral toxicity in mice were evaluated. The prospection of the anxiolytic activity of vEVD tea was carried out through behavioral tests, such as the Elevated Cross Maze Test (ELFT) and ethological measures (peeking, lifting, self-cleaning and head diving), Spontaneous Movement Test (STM) and rotating bar (rota rod). DVEv was classified as coarse powder, the apparent density varied according to the particle size, with the highest density being EV05 (0.47 g/mL) and the lowest density being EV01 (0.22 g/mL). , all particles showed pH around 6.00, with IE of 1.1 ± 0.61 for EV03, with II of 4.3 ± 0.57mL and 1.3 ± 0.57mL, indicating little presence of mucilages. From the smallest particle (EV06) was extracted 1.24% of polyphenols, 0.88% of flavonoids and 0.51% of tannins. Cytotoxicity in erythrocytes showed low and moderate hemolysing activity; Acute toxicity in mice showed that tea is non-toxic. In TG, different kinetic parameters of degradation were observed, suggestive of water loss. In the DTA, the phase transitions as a function of temperature, characteristic of the decomposition of the plant drug, were evidenced.In this way, it was possible to carry out the characterization of vEVD and prove that tea made from E. velutina bark has promising anxiolytic activity, corroborating its popular use.