Análise comparativa do uso de fotobiomodulação e anti-inflamatório não esteroidal após a remoção cirúrgica de lesões em lábio inferior com o laser de alta intensidade: Estudo piloto

Abstract

This study aims to compare photobiomodulation and the use of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug after surgical removal of lower lip lesions with the high intensity diode laser. This is a pilot study of a randomized clinical trial, in which all subjects were treated using a high intensity diode laser at a continuous wavelength of 808nm, with a power between 2.0 and 2.5 W. In the experimental group, the subjects underwent photobiomodulation using the low intensity laser (660 nm wavelength, 1 J energy, 40 mW power, 0.04 cm² spot and 25 J / cm² dose). In the control group, the subjects were instructed to take one 100 mg Nimesulide tablet every 12 hours for five days. Visual analog scale was applied to assess postoperative pain. The size of the surgical wound was measured in the immediate postoperative period, as well as after two, seven, 15 and 30 days. Functional changes during phonation and chewing were verified by form. The impact on the subjects' quality of life was observed through the Oral Health Impact Profile 14. Parametric tests such as Student's t and repeated measures ANOVA were performed, as well as nonparametric Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests. To compare the groups according to categorical variables, Fisher's exact test was used. Most subjects were male (53.8%) with a mean age of 44.7 years. The most prevalent lesion was mucocele (61.5%). Laser surgeries lasted an average of 170 seconds. In the analysis, after seven days, the experimental group presented a smaller surgical wound (p = 0.017). In the assessment of pain level, subjects treated in the experimental group complained less of pain (p = 0.031). No statistically significant differences were found regarding the relationship of injuries / treatment to the impact on quality of life. Thus, it can be concluded that photobiomodulation proved to be more effective than the use of Nimesulide, which allowed the reduction of the inflammatory process, less painful symptoms and optimization of the healing process.