Identificação dos locais de descarte inadequado de resíduos da construção cívil na área urbana do município de Campina Grande - PB

Abstract

Improper disposal of construction waste (CW) in public places has caused several environmental sanitation problems to Brazilian municipalities, especially those where the urban population is densely concentrated. Therefore, the present work aims to identify the main disposal sites of CW distributed in the urban area of Campina Grande, Paraíba, as well as to monitor a site of constant disposal aiming at the construction of guidelines for the Municipal Waste Management Plan Civil Construction (MWMPCC). The methodological procedure used was based on Google Earth Pro software, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and PhotoScan Pro trial version. Google Earth Pro provides the region's time series of images. Information collection includes the period between March 2018 and March 2019. During this period, 45 sites of inappropriate CW disposal were identified and proven. The main disposal areas are located in neighborhood da Bela Vista (Id. 4), Monte Castelo (Id. 26), Tambor (Id. 36) and Cruzeiro (Id. 9). On the other hand, PhotoScan Pro generates three-dimensional images from two-dimensional images taken by UAV. From the results obtained, it appears that the inappropriate disposal of CW produces an environmental liability regarding water, soil and air, as well as harboring disease vectors, in addition to attracting the disposal of solid urban waste (SUW) to the site. Therefore, the guidelines for MWMPCC propose the closure of the areas of improper disposal of CW and the definition of the areas authorized for this purpose through the joint action between the government, society and the generator. In addition, there is an effective result of using the UAV in conjunction with PhotoScan Pro software to perform investigative and purposeful work, as can be verified even by the calculated volumes, where errors vary in the order of 2%.