Tuberculose na população privada de liberdade: Avaliação dos indicadores operacionais e epidemiológicos

Abstract

Introduction: Today, one of the main challenges is the control of tuberculosis in vulnerable populations, those that are most likely to be affected by the disease, the living and health conditions they are subjected to. It stands out in this scenario the population deprived of freedom, by the social and environmental conditions that are inserted. Aim: To analyze the epidemiological and operational indicators of tuberculosis in the population deprived of liberty in the state of Paraíba. Methodology: Analytical, exploratory study of a historical series with a quantitative approach. Data from the Health Information System of the deprived population of freedom reported with tuberculosis between the years 2007 to 2016 were used, the scenario of the study was the state of Paraíba. The study population consisted of 962 reports of tuberculosis in the period studied. The sample was of the census type, the study was composed of two articles, to contemplate the objectives of both there was a need to use two samples. Initially included in the study were the reports of people of both sexes, over 18 years of age, who were notified with the "new case" type of entry, after using the inclusion criteria, a sample of 714 cases was subsequently In addition to the above-mentioned criteria, we selected the notifications that included the "cure" and "abandonment" outcomes, obtaining a sample of 614 notifications. The analyses were performed with IBM SPSS Statistics version 20.0 software. Initially, descriptive analysis was performed. Trend analysis was performed through the creation of polynomial regression models. The bivariate analysis using Pearson's chi-square test (or Fisher's exact test when appropriate) was also used to determine the association between the outcome and the independent variables. Results: The highest incidences of the disease were found in the years of 2012, presenting 11.06 in the general population and 9.94 in the male sex and 19.16 in the female sex. The trend in the general population deprived of general freedom and in the male sex was considered stable, both with (p = 0.180) already in the female sex a decreasing tendency (p = 0,040). There was a statistically significant association between cure and abandonment outcomes such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (p = 0.044), serology for human immunodeficiency virus (p = 0.048) and follow-up sputum smear microscopy (p = 0.001). Final considerations: The findings highlight the need for actions directed at the population deprived of liberty, especially in the male population. In this sense, the study draws attention to the need for greater rigor in compliance with the actions recommended by the Ministry of Health. In order to offer complete care to the population deprived of liberty, it is necessary to sensitize prison health teams about the importance of disease control in space, and how this control can also reflect in the general population, in addition, understand that care humanized treatment favors adherence to treatment, improves epidemiological and operational indicators and consequently disease control.