Relação da Síndrome Metabólica com marcadores de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes: Escore Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth e proteína C-Reativa Ultrassensível

Abstract

Introduction: the concurrence of metabolic and hemodynamic disorders such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, abdominal obesity and dyslipidemia, makes up the so-called metabolic syndrome (MS). In children and adolescents, MS is a controversial and yet inconclusive issue, not necessarily an inevitable result of a modern society, but an ill that can be prevented. In this sense, it is essential to the study of cardiometabolic risk factors, so they can be modified, preventing the development of future disease. Objective: To carry out a description of the sample, according to sex, with respect to sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical and biochemical characteristics; and to identify the relationship between metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk markers in adolescents through the score Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth and C-reactive ultrasensitive protein and identify those two markers, that best predicts the metabolic syndrome. Methods: Transversal study, carried out with 554 adolescents (15-19 years) of public high schools in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba. Data collection was from September 2012 to June 2013, from the application of a form to obtain socio-demographic and lifestyle data (smoking); Anthropometry (weight, height and waist circumference); Blood pressure measurement; Blood glucose (fasting glycemia, glycated hemoglobin HBA1c, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides). Data were double entered and submitted for validation Validate subprogram Epi Info 5.4.3. The analyzes were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 22) and sensitivity tests (S); Specificity (E); Accuracy (A); Positive and negative predictive values (NPV); And positive and negative likelihood ratios (RV +) (RV-) were calculated. Results: The mean age was 16.8 (± 1.0) years, with a higher percentage of females (66.4%). We obtained a low rate of smokers (2.0%). Being male showed a risk for alterations of blood pressure, HDL-c and to develop metabolic syndrome. A statistically significant correlation was found for p <(0.01) in blood pressure with 95% CI [2,379-4,169], HDL-c [2,013-4,169], PDAY [5,122-11,337] and SM [1,536-11,271]. There was a significant association between cardiovascular risk and MS, both by the PDAY score as well as by u-PCR, where the first presented better sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and accuracy for SM identification. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome and Cardiovascular risk are associated and PDAY has been shown to be a better biomarker of the metabolic syndrome than the ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein.