Avaliação de artefatos formados por materiais intracanais em dentes birradiculares utilizando TCFC

Abstract

This study aimed to quantify the artifacts produced by different intracanal materials on double-rooted teeth scanned using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with different exposure protocols. This research was an ex vivo study. The study sample was composed by 15 double-rooted first premolars, which had their crowns removed in the cementoenamel junction. All root canals were endodontically treated using Reciproc system, and thermomechanical compression filling was done with gutta-percha Reciproc 40. All teeth were scanned without intracanal material and with six combinations of intracanal materials (Gutta-percha, Whitepost and Reforpost fiberglass posts and metal posts), passively fitted to the buccal and lingual roots, using five exposure parameter protocols (2.5mA, 4mA, 6.3mA, 8mA e 12mA), with fixed 0,076mm voxel size and 75kv, totalizing 525 CBCT volumes. The CBCT scans were analyzed using CS3D Imaging Software and two slices (at 2mm and 4mm from the cementoenamel junction) were selected and exported to ImageJ software. The area corresponding to hypodense and hyperdense artifacts and preserved dental image were quantified by a trained observer using threshold toll of the ImageJ software. Data were analyzed using Statistica (v.13.3) software. Tukey honest test was done to compare the hyperdense, hypodense and preserved dental image mean area values, with IC>95% e p<0.05 significance level. Spearman coefficient correlation values for hyperdense, hypodense and preserved dental image were calculated. All data were evaluated simultaneously using the principal component analysis. The inferential analyses showed that teeth with metal posts in both roots presented higher hypodense and hyperdense artifact values and teeth with Whitepost fiberglass post in both roots presented the lower hypodense and hyperdense artifacts values. Metal posts presented the highest quantity of hypodense and hyperdense artifacts when scanned using the parameter 12mA, followed by gutta-percha in the buccal and lingual roots at 12mA and gutta–percha in the buccal root and Reforpost ® in the lingual root scanned with 12mA. The groups with Whitepost® in both roots and Reforpost® in both roots, scanned at 2.5 mA presented less hypodense artifact than all evaluated situations, especially at the 4mm slice. 2.5 mA images differed statistically from 12mA images for the evaluated study variables presenting less artifacts and higher values of preserved dental image . Lower exposure parameters present less image artifacts in CBCT scans. Fiberglass posts, with and without internal metallic core, are an alternative to metal posts when the right amount of ferrule is present, with less artifact formation.