Usabilidade de ventiladores mecânicos pulmonares: Uma avaliação da carga de trabalho de fisioterapeutas intensivistas

Abstract

Since the dawn of mechanical ventilation, the main objective of the technology involving intensive therapy is to provide life support to the lowest acceptable risk. As the capabilities and complexities of these devices are continually on the rise, cognitive loads imposed on the handling of the Ventilator Pulmonary Mechanical (VPM) ma y increase the Global Work Load (GWL) becoming a risk factor for inaccuracies and failures. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the usability of VPMs through the perception of GWL in intensive physical therapists. Search cross-sectional was developed in the public and private hospital to trace the professional profile of intensive physical therapists to evaluate the perception of GWL and patient safety. Data were collected regarding age, gender, academic training, time experience in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), perception of the GWL through the instrument Index National Aeronautics and Space Administration - Task Load Index (NASA- TLX) and perception patient safety by applying a questionnaire developed by the World Health Organization. the research was approved by the ethics committee, CAAE: 53329416.6.0000.5187, with development according to the 466/12 Resolution of the National Health Council. the data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical package It is used for correlation and comparison test. We evaluated 46 Physiotherapists, 73.9% working in adult ICU, 13% in neonatal ICU and 13% in the pediatric ICU. The GWL had an average of 14.4 (± 3.2). The Mental Demand was presented as the most influential factor for the GWL, with a higher percentage of choice when compared to other factors. Statistical difference was observed between GWLs between Adult ICU and Neonatal / Pediatric (p <0.05). Also there was a weak correlation between age, time academic training and experience in ICU with the GWL. On patient safety, 65.2% are considered to be reasonably confident in their own ability to identify influential factors on patient safety. It was observed that 37% of physiotherapists identify likely to suggest changes, however, when asked about the likelihood that factors may interfere with this conduct, 50% reported reasonably likely situation to happen then most likely (26.1%). As the degree of difficulty in suggesting changes in the workplace a fa irly difficult aspect considered by 39.1% of physiotherapists. This study provides evidence that neonatal / pediatric ICU implies more demand for its employees that the adult ICU, observed by GWL. The Mental Demand is one that requires more physical therapist handling a VPM in ICU, reflecting negatively on the usability of the VPM interface in use by these professionals. Despite all the political and organizational efforts in disseminating the patient safety culture, the reality of ICUs collides with the lack of communication, lack of professional interest and lost struggle of numerous attempts to change. These results may contribute to the development of interfaces that require less associated cognitive load, because it reflects the usability of VPM evaluated in real environment.