Perfil sociodemográfico e capacidade funcional de idosos com plegias por acidente vascular encefálico

Abstract

By introducing the latest technological innovations of the preventive and curative medicine, there was an increase in life expectancy and reduction of mortality rate, which in conjunction with the decline in the fertility rate shows the process of population aging. Consequence, diseases proper of the old age have shown increased expression in society. Among them, we highlight the cerebrovascular accident that among seniors, presents high incidence. It aimed to verify the associations between socio-demographic factors and the functional capacity of the elderly with plegias by cerebrovascular accident. This is a cross-sectional study, descriptive, of a quantitative approach. It was performed in the homes of the elderly with plegias for stroke attached to Family Health Units of the municipality of Campina Grande/PB, Brazil, in the period September 2014 and March 2015. Eligibility criteria: people aged 60 or older, of both genders, with some kind of palsy diagnosed by specialist, due to cerebrovascular accident, cognitive function that makes it possible to answer the questions and be attached in any family Health Unit municipality campinense. Two questionnaires were used: the questionnaire I, for the investigation of socio-demographic variables, and the questionnaire II, called Barthel Index for the evaluation of the functional capacity of the subjects for the activities of daily life. The data collected were deployed (in double-entry) into an electronic database and analyzed through the statistical program Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, 20.0 version for Windows, and presented through tables. The associations investigated considered the 95% confidence intervals (p < 0,05). For demographic data analysis and IB scores there was used the descriptive statistics. To check the level of significance between associations of socio-demographic aspects and functional capacity for activities of daily living there was used dichotomization of the Barthel Index variables. This research was developed according to the parameters of the resolution 466/12 of the National Health Council and Ministry of Health, which feature on research involving humans. The results were presented by means of a scientific article derived from the research. There has been a predominance of women, widowed, without schooling and with household income of up to one minimum wage. The average age was of 65 years old. Found satisfactory reliability of Barthel Index, with Cronbach's alpha total = 0,917. The activities in which there was greater difficulty of urination (73,8%) and evacuate (66,9%) were carrying out. Regarding the functional capacity for activities of daily living, there was verified the level of capacity ranging from moderate to total dependence, and degree of mild dependence. It was found association between the functional capacity and the race (p = 0,027), age group (p = 0,001) and schooling (p = 0,041). It was noted that the socio-demographic factors may interfere with the functional capacity of the elderly with plegias by cerebrovascular accident. In this sense, through the provision of research results, it is believed to have contributed to the reflection on this issue, as well as provided by other studies of the reproduction methods used.