Identidade negra e modernidade na obra de Lima Barreto

Abstract

The problem of identity has been becoming an important theme in the modernity, that we present as a transformation moment of thought and, consequentely, of the social structures, as well as we characterize for an intense debates and theoretical moment about races. This is a period in which the theories racists take space all over the world, divulging the natural and biological difference among several human groups, using the science as inferiority legitimation force of ethnic groups. In this perspective, the identity of group or of the belonging subject for socially marked groups, in our case the negro, occupies wide space inside the cultural and social studies. In this space, the literature of Lima Barreto, presents as a viable strong to observe what form this writer front to the bourgeois society cosmopolitan at the beginning of 20th century is seen and as it builds his characters in the web of the social relations. We thus seize upon the instrument of the bibliographical research, analyzing some writer's works, launching one look deepened most in The Sad End of Policarpo Quaresma. Clerk memories Isaías Caminha and Intimate Diary, through which ones went possible to realize that there is a very next relation of the carioca thought writer with the one of contemporary thinkers about the thematic of the identity, especially of the black identity. Lima Barreto presents himself and presents his characters as black, provoking an affirmation process of the black identity. Through the written this author, it can realize that he had a profound vision of the Brazilian social conjuncture, elucidating the social conflict that establishins the social relations, always searching transcend of the individual for the collective, of the location for the universal. With a good critical perception of the reality and with sarcasm and irony strong doses, Lima Barreto exhibition that the quality that was created the negro, as well as the form as this exaggerates front to other social groups is a cultural construction that attends to the interests of a formation power white elite detainer of opinion, as well as equiped of able instruments of create human stereotypes