A dimensão ambiental no planejamento urbano: uma análise crítica das políticas de gestão de Resíduos Sólidos em Campina Grande PB

Abstract

This dissertation was born of a critical reflection on the practices of waste management and its connection with urban planning in Campina Grande (Paraíba Brazil), focusing on them from historical changes in the geographic location of the official city dumps. The central objective of the research that formed the basis for writing this text was to analyze, in light of the theoretical perspective of Political Ecology and the principles of urban planning, the actions of creation and extinction of the city dumps from two movements thru which the placement of garbage was shift in town: 1st movement, "From Industrial District to Mutirão," in 1994; and the 2nd movement, "Do Mutirão to Puxinanã", in 2012. This is a descriptive/exploratory/explanatory study whose methodology was a critical ethnography of moments cited above, the analysis of documents that deal with urban planning and actions in the area of solid waste, in addition to semi-structured interviews with non random samples of pickers of recyclable and non-institutional and institutional actors involved in formulation of urban management and waste [solid] policies in Campina Grande. Among the key findings we highlight the following: (1) the planning and management of solid waste in the city practiced in the analyzed periods can be classified as occasional, lacking coordination with other areas of concern such as housing policies, mobility and economic development, being formulated in response to some events that require immediate action or when it involves the immediate interests that benefit the local government; (2) the environment is a secondary concern in the urban policies of solid waste management; (3) variables referred to human development have also been relegated to the background in historical moments of municipal politics of solid waste management.