Avaliação da remoção de saxitoxina no tratamento de água de abastecimento em sistema convencional seguido de adsorção em carvão ativado granular (CAG)

Abstract

The research aimed to evaluate the saxitoxin removal of the water supply in the conventional system followed by adsorption through granular activated carbon (GAC). The experiment was performed in three steps. In the first, coagulation diagrams were constructed for the aluminum sulfate. In the second stage, tests were conducted with aluminum sulfate and auxiliary coagulant (anionic and cationic polymers). In the third stage was carried conventional treatment (coagulation / flocculation /sedimentation / filtration) followed by adsorption on a column of granular activated carbon (GAC), in bench scale. The system was composed of a polypropylene plastic container for the storage of decanted water derived from the jar tests, with a capacity of 100 liters. The reservoir is connected via two peristaltic pumps with controlled flow for 1L/ h. Each pump is connected to two sand laboratory filters (SLF), which connected themselves to two columns of CAG, CC1 and CC2, with different coal granulometries. The system was monitored for 48 hours. The results of the coagulation tests showed good removal efficiency (>50%) for water of study (WS) at the natural pH of water (7.6), at a dosage of aluminum sulfate 25 mg/L, both in terms of turbidity and remaining true color. When evaluated the representability of the data, it was observed that the removal efficiency was not repeated. In the third stage, there was low saxitoxin removal by conventional treatment (7%), the removal was processed in the adsorption columns. CC1 and CC2 obtained removals ranging from 100 to 70%. However, for the maximum percentage removal CC2 removed greater amount of saxitoxin per unit time compared to CC1, nearly six hours of difference. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms showed better settings to the CC2 for the evaluated samples of activated carbon.