Obesidade infantil: associação da autoavaliação de competências e resolução de problemas para identificar lacunas formativas na residência

Abstract

Monitoring the nutritional status of children up to five years of age during childcareactivities is essential for the diagnosis and prevention of childhood overweight and obesity. The objective of the present research was to investigate the association between self-assessment of skills and the ability to solve a problem situation related to anthropometry and analysis of the nutritional status of children up to five years of age. This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, involving 228 residents from the eleven Residency Programs in Family andCommunity Medicine (MFC) and Multiprofessional in Family Health (RMSF) in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. Of the total of 228 residents, 160 (70.2%) were female; single, divorced or widowed (63.2%), and had no children (86%). Among physicians, the most prevalent competency was prescribing laboratory tests (89.3%) and providing basic nutritional counseling (83.4%); and those with less mastery are related to educational approaches (~40%). The median of the “Self- Reported Competency Score” (SCS) among physicians who adequately solved the problem situation and those who were unsuccessful in the task was seven and five points, respectively; no significant difference was observed between these two groups (p=0.106). Among RMSF residents, those who did not successfully solve the task acknowledged this, saying that theyreally did not have mastery of the competencies related to obesity prevention and management (medians of three and five, respectively) (p=0.002). In other words, some physicians have a mistaken perception of their competencies in relation to the topic investigated. The use of self-assessment combined with problem-solving (AARP Strategy) can help identify professionals with training gaps, directing the training offer to a specific target audience. This is asynthesis of the main results of the research group's work, containing suggestions and recommendations for the study participants, with a view to improving the training process implemented in the residences. This master’s degree final paper is the result of the stricto sensu Professional Master's Degree Programme in Family Health (PROFSAÚDE).