Analise da percepção de profissionais de enfermagem em relação a ergonomia durante o banho no leito de pacientes críticos em unidades de terapia Intensiva na cidade de Campina Grande-PB

Abstract

This dissertation aimed to analyze the perception of nursing professionals regarding ergonomics in the work process during bed bathing of critically ill patients in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in the city of Campina Grande-PB, in order to support the development of a technical note to guide good ergonomic practices. It is an observational, descriptive, and qualitative study carried out in three hospitals in the municipality, namely: João XXIII Hospital, Dr. Edgley Hospital, and Pedro Primeiro Hospital. The sample consisted of 40 nursing professionals (nurses and technicians). Data collection was conducted through the application of two questionnaires: one of a sociodemographic and professional nature, and another focused on perceptions of ergonomics, difficulties faced, and suggestions for improvements in the work environment. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (for quantitative information) and content analysis (for qualitative data). The results indicated that most professionals reported physical discomfort, especially in the lumbar region and shoulders, associated with inadequate stretchers, lack of space, and the positioning of equipment such as mechanical ventilators and infusion pumps. It was also found that, although participants demonstrated a conceptual understanding of ergonomics, ergonomic practices are still not effectively applied in the daily routine of ICUs. The proposed technical note therefore constitutes a strategic tool to promote occupational health, prevent musculoskeletal disorders, and improve the quality of nursing care provided to critically ill patients.