Violência e religião no Sul da Ásia: a supressão dos povos Rohingya em Mianmar (2011-2021)

Abstract

The Rohingya constitute an ethnic, linguistic and religious minority mainly concentrated in the state of Rakhine, Myanmar, adherents of Sunni Islam, and are distinct in many aspects from the majority of the country's population, which is mostly made up of Buddhists. Such facts triggered ethno-religious conflicts, resulting in one of the largest and uninterrupted conflicts of all time since 2011. Contemporary political life in Myanmar began with the fight for independence and aroused a strong nationalist feeling, accentuated by the traumatic relationship with the Japanese invaders, who occupied the country for several years and in whose opposition the Burmese political elite was shaped. That said, the main objective of this work is to analyze how religious violence has exposed the Rohingya people to an uninterrupted political-religious conflict, based on the problem: “what way does religion intensify violence in the conflict with the Rohingya?”, based on the hypothesis that the persecution of the Rohingya minority is based on the political use of religion. To this end, qualitative methodology and case study were used, with characteristics of exploratory research, adopting a hypotheticaldeductive perspective. In cases like Myanmar, the historical method helps to understand all the factors and the evolution of political and religious conflicts and disputes over the rise to power that culminated in two military coups (1962 and 2021). The research also uses bibliography as an analysis technique, using documentary analysis.