Ilhas urbanas e sujeitos experimentais na narrativa latino-americana contemporânea

Abstract

In the present dissertation, we analyze four Latin American novels whose narratives present peripheral territories and subjects in permanent constitution of themselves, namely: La Villa (2001), by the Argentine writer César Aira, Sorria, você está na Rocinha (2004), by the Brazilian writer Julio Ludemir, La Virgen Cabeza (2009), by the Argentine writer Gabriela Cabezón Cámara, and Deus foi almoçar (2012), by the Brazilian writer Ferréz. From the analysis of this corpus, we aim to discuss the overlapping between urban island, city and experimental subject. Our hypothesis is that the transit through spaces and the crossing of borders works in the reports as a possible way of critical approximation to these narratives, in which the experience of living in transit enables the appearance of complex figures and territories. For this, we mobilized a theoretical constellation that anchors our reflections and analyses, especially based on the thinking of Josefina Ludmer (2006; 2007; 2010) about post-autonomous debates, and Reinaldo Laddaga (2006, 2010) and Daniel Link (2004) about the new experimental communities of the present and the configuration of experimental and alternative forms of life. Also essential are the contributions of Boaventura de Souza Santos (1999), who discusses the transformations in the context of postmodernity, the conceptions of Fredric Jameson (2006) on certain postmodern dynamics in relation to the cultural logic of late capitalism, Yi- Fu Tuan (1983) to think about the space/experience relationship in recent narratives, Friedric Bolloow (2019) to reflect on the affection processes between subject and space, Michael Hardt and Toni Negri (2000) to deal with crossed borders and the constitution of virtualities and of the present as flux and becoming, and Renato Ortiz (1998) to reflect on the global dynamics of the contemporary world, as well as the processes of subject/territory crossing. In addition, the thought of philosophers Deleuze and Guattari (1996) is mobilized to reflect on territorial assemblages from the image of the rhizome, as well as new life experiments, and that of Judith Butler (2015) in relation to the processes of recognition and constitution of subjects. In this way, life reconfigurations in territories that are metamorphosed in the narratives of the corpus are read and analyzed. By betting on provisional means and forms of existence, such subjects lead to rethinking certain practices and conceptions about the territory, in favor of the configuration of open communities and the exploration of the meanings of this collectivity, in several literary texts of the last decades.