O trabalho imaterial como potência das personagens mulheres em Maria José Silveira

Abstract

Immaterial work is the production of subjectivity that is expressed through language, affections, thoughts and other abstractions of the worker or not, differentiating itself from material work that uses labor as a modus operandi. Studied in the Social Sciences, this subjective demand for work crosses Literary Criticism, not only hybridizing with literature itself, but also giving rise to a productive debate regarding women. In this way, the objective of our research is based on the defense that immaterial work is the power of Maria José Silveira's female characters, produced outside – or within – the capitalist system, based on three literary works: Her mother’s mother’s mother & her daughters (2002), Eleanor Marx, daughter of Karl (2002) and Pauliceia of a thousand teeth (2012). The choice of works is justified by the incipient critical fortune on the author developed until the present moment, as well as by the recurrence of female characters in her books, which are expressed under the bias of subjectivity. In addition, our thesis proposes to demonstrate which erasures exist in debates about contemporary literature, and it is common, therefore, to find repetitive ways of reading that are alien to the new demands of this literature. Therefore, we will analyze immaterial work – production of subjectivity – in its multiple views, from authors such as Lazzarato (2014; 2019), Gorz (2005), Castiano (2018) Negri (2003); the relationship of immateriality with literary criticism and its concept porosities, from Compagnon (2010), Schmidt (2017), Garramuño (2014), Ludmer (2010), among others. Subsequently, we will survey articles produced on the author's works, in order to elucidate the critical fortune tangent to the proposal of the thesis, from Plácido and Rodrigues (2018), Turchi and Silva (2007), among others. With this, we will present how literature can be a reproductive machinery of discourses of social subjection, from Spivak (2010), Justino (2017), among others. Afterwards, we will enter into the discussion of the immaterial work produced by women within literature, replacing their “role” as power or as predictable spaces, based on Foucault (2014), Lazzarato (2021), among others; in addition to the survey of female characters in dialogue with capitalist machinery, within the work of Maria José Silveira, Eleanor Karl, daughter of Marx (2002); therefore, we will move towards the problem of women fiction writers, whose focus persists in female authorship and their reproductions of patriarchal stigmas, in the authorship of black women as a power of the contemporary core, from hooks (2019), Lobo (2007), Almeida (2017), among others. At the last moment, there will be a questioning of the concepts of the fixed identity of women as a dialectic of post-modernity, in order to understand the risk that one runs in believing in a resolution of the gender problem, from McLauren (2016), Woodward (2013), Hall (2019), among others. Finally, we will evaluate the corpus of analysis from the perspective of immaterial work, deepening the reading of women characters, with regard to the narrative voice and gaps in speeches, and reaffirming an inseparable dialogue between literature and the production of subjectivity. In the final considerations, we will perceive the intersection between immaterial work and female characters as a power of Maria José Silveira's literature, as well as the phenomenon of contemporaneity, bringing conclusions that presuppose the unfolding of future research.