Série histórica dos casos de tuberculose em unidades prisionais período 2009 a 2019

Abstract

Introduction:The Brazilian penitentiary system is marked by serious structural and organizational difficulties, mainly reflected by overcrowding in prisons and unhealthy prisons. These characteristics represent ideal conditions for the spread of various diseases, including tuberculosis. For this reason, the population deprived of liberty is one of the groups at risk for tuberculosis, being one of the priorities worked on in the Unified Health System.Methodology:This is an analytical, exploratory study of a historical series, with a quantitative approach. It was carried out with the population composed of all notifications of tuberculosis cases diagnosed in the population deprived of liberty in prisons in a state in the Northeast of Brazil in the period from 2009 to 2019, including those deprived of liberty of both sexes, and who were notified in SINAN. The study consisted of two articles with the need to use two samples to meet the objectives of both. Initially, descriptive statistical analysis was performed characterizing the sample, Pearson's chi-square test was used to determine the association between the outcome and the independent variables, Poisson regression analysis was also performed, which determines the magnitude of the associations . Then analysis of temporal trend was used to evaluate the data through the creation of polynomial regression models.Results:With regard to age group, the findings reveal that 50.3% were between 18 and 27 years old, 97.6% male, and the vast majority of 96.6% presented the form of pulmonary tuberculosis. The years with the highest notifications were 2017 and 2018, and the year with the highest incidence was 2019.Final considerations: The present study evidences and reaffirms the magnitude of tuberculosis in the population deprived of liberty, the findings show a high number of tuberculosis cases in this population. Thus, it is clear that advances in the conduct of tuberculosis control in prisons are fundamental. This advance will only be possible by sensitizing the prison health teams and other professionals in these units and also involving the population about the importance of controlling the disease within the prison walls, thereby creating and implementing public policies for this population and understanding their particularities, improving health conditions and consequently controlling the disease in the entire population.