Tentativas de Suicídio Relacionadas ao Uso de Medicamentos e Sua Relação com os Determinantes Sociais da Saúde: uma análise espacial

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: As the pharmaceutical sector began to grow, concerns arose regarding the irrational use of medicines, contributing to a picture of drug intoxication, which, in Brazil, is a serious public health problem , often as a result of suicide attempts. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the cases of suicide attempts by medication and their relationship with the Social Determinants of Health through spatial analysis in the city of Campina Grande, through the analysis of data reported in SINAN, in the year 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Treats This is an observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study, with a quantitative character, carried out from secondary data from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). RESULTS: Two hundred and thirty-seven patients from the urban area of Campina Grande, with a report of attempted suicide through the ingestion of medication, were evaluated. It was observed that the profile of the patients followed the following pattern: female individuals (79.7%), aged between 20 and 39 years (51.5%), education at elementary school level (49.4% ), single status as marital status (64.5%) and the majority being a student (42.2%), followed by unemployed (32.1%). The occurrence of cases was observed in many districts of the city, with the exception of 6 districts that did not have any cases, with a greater number of cases in the west zone (n=92), represented by the Malvinas districts (n=23), Bodocongó (n=21) and Serrotão (n=9), followed by the south zone (n=70), with emphasis on the neighborhoods Liberdade (n=12), Catolé (n=11) and Três Irmãs (n=10). On the orther hand, the neighborhoods Mirante, Cuités, Sandra Cavalcante, Louzeiro, Itararé and Velame did not presente cases of suicide attempts through the use of medication. Statistically, the Global Moran Index (I) was calculated and it was found that, in the global aspect, in the year 2019, there was no spatial autocorrelation in the studied region. On the other hand, the neighborhoods Mirante, Cuités, Sandra Cavalcante, Louzeiro, Itararé and Velame did not have cases of suicide through the use of medication. Statistically, the Global Moran Index (I) was calculated and it was found that, in the global aspect, in the year 2019, there was no spatial autocorrelation in the studied region. On the other hand, in order to observe a local spatial autocorrelation, it was found that the neighborhoods Serrotão, Malvinas, Bodocongó and Três Irmãs had additional positive spatial autocorrelation. Spearman's statistical test defines the value obtained for obtaining a positive correlation between the variables and the TS. The highest correlations were observed between the variables “Women residing in the neighborhood aged 10 to 39 years” and “Per capita income less than or equal to one minimum wage” (0.95) and “Dwellers of households in the neighborhood without education” and “Per capita income less than or equal to one minimum wage” (0.94). CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained in the study are shown to be important in strengthening intersectorial actions in order to modify the epidemiological picture of the disease and, consequently, reduce the impact of suicide actions and their recurrences, which, consequently, can cause death.