Apreensão de cocaína e sua relação com a vulnerabilidade social: Uma abordagem espacial

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Discussions about illicit drugs and their impacts are increasingly relevant and relevant, including in the field of public health. Particularly, the numbers in relation to the production, consumption, dependence and seizure of cocaine worldwide are increasing, which calls attention and emerges as a challenge to the public power, especially to health services, public security and social assistance. Which leads us to understand that to explain this phenomenon it is necessary to approach the concept of Social Vulnerability, since it is understood that drug use is related to various dimensions of an individual's life, such as biological, social, cultural, characteristics sociodemographic among others. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the cases of cocaine seizure and its relationship with social vulnerability through spatial analysis in the municipality of Campina Grande, Paraíba, in the year 2018. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. quantitative and ecological - since it relates the patterns of geographic distribution of diseases and their relationship with socio-environmental factors - designed to respond to the specific objectives proposed. The data were obtained from the reports filed by the Forensic Laboratory Nucleus of Campina Grande of the Institute of Scientific Police (NULF-CG / IPC), and from the files filed at the Narcotics Court of the District of Campina Grande located in the Afonso Campos Forum. August to October 2019, subject to agency availability. The so-called secondary data were collected from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) database. RESULTS: Of the 327 reports of cocaine seizures, only 148 (45.2%) reports contained complete data of interest for the research. The sample revealed the main sociodemographic characteristics of users (men, browns, singles, between 20 and 40 years old, with elementary education, unemployed); the seizures corresponded, predominantly, to trafficking in the forms of "crack" and cocaine. Among the 49 official neighborhoods in the city, it was found that the most expressive neighborhoods in relation to the number of seizures were José Pinheiro, Pedregal, Serrotão and Jeremias, places considered more peripheral in the city. Regarding the assessment of the existence of a correlation between the IVS and the number of cases of cocaine seizures, a positive and direct correlation was found for these variables, confirming that the increase in drug use and its consequences are directly related to greater social vulnerability. of users. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained revealed that there is a direct and positive correlation between the most socially vulnerable neighborhoods and the largest cases of cocaine seizures in the municipality. And that this research has raised and published new data on the subject, which may become a source of research to disseminate them, which may strengthen existing public policies, as well as assist in the process of building new measures aimed at minimizing damage caused by drugs in the region.