Multiletramentos no ciberespaço: uma proposta pedagógica com o gênero jornalístico "artigo de opinião" no ensino médio

Abstract

The spread of new communication technologies and information have enabled the popularization of the Internet as well as the communicative acts. These changes have enabled the emergence of multiple texts and multiple languages, which tend to be expanding and reconstructed on a daily basis. In the context of the information society, texts gain new interpretative and formatting possibilities, their uses and forms of appropriation are varied. Such languages are present in the lives of everyday learners and require comprehension and production skills to acquire meaning; however, these are usually not effectively addressed in the classroom, distancing the school's reading and writing activities from the students' reality. This hinders, the teaching and learning processes. This study was based on one guiding question: How can the teacher make use of pedagogical alternatives that consider the use of journalistic genre opinion articles as a way to promote multi-learning practices? From the responsibility delegated to the school, we defined the following as the objective of this study: To reflect on the possibilities of pedagogical use of opinion articles in virtual spaces as a way to promote multilearning practices in high school. We base our research on the theoretical assumptions of Dolz; Noverraz and Schneuwly (2004), Bräkling (2000), Melo (2003), Beltrão (1980), Soares (2004,2009 / 2012), Kleiman (1995/2001), Street (2007/2014), Rojo ) and Rojo and Moura (2012), among other researchers who discuss the concepts of literacy in a social perspective, the presuppositions of multiliteracies, didactic sequence, journalistic genres and the genre of opinion. Furthermore, this research had as collaborators a class of 3rd year high School students, of a state public school- located in the city of Gurinhém-PB. This is a qualitative study, characterized by action research. As instruments for the collection of information, we opted for participant observation, the application (of the classroom) as a way of recording the data needed to plan a pedagogical intervention. A didactic sequence was created with the intention of reforming the classroom by presenting the possibilities of interaction, participation and production that the contents of the journalistic genres can provide in the educational scope, specifically in high school. The results showed that the activities developed using the opinion article genre in virtual spaces promoted the students' multilevel practices, since didactic actions of this nature show a learning situation capable of instigating collaboration, participation, criticism, co-authorship and debate of the subjects. The student' product also revealed that the work with journalistic contents and genres offers us pedagogical possibilities in order to contemplate the social practices of multiliteracies in the classroom and beyond. This in turn foster the unfolding of these practices inside and outside the classroom and school context.