Constituintes químicos e avaliação toxicofarmacológica de Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart. (APOCYNACEAE)

Abstract

Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart. Apocynaceae is a family plan, known as pereiro, stick pereiro, pereiro-red, stick-to-coaru. It has wide spread throughout the area of savanna and in traditional medicine is used to treat respiratory disorders and fever. The study aimed to carry out the isolation and identification of the chemical constituents of hexâncica phase and the fraction of total alkaloids (FAT-Ap) (from the ethanol extract of the stem bark) by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques (infrared spectroscopy and spectroscopic Nuclear Magnetic resonance of) and pharmacological tests (by inflammation and analgesic models) and acute toxicity, the fraction of total alkaloids (FAT-Ap). Thus, were isolated for the first time in Aspidosperma Genro, the paristina compounds (anthraquinone) and liquexantona (xanthone), the hexane phase. Also they were isolated for the first time in this species the triterpenes lupeol and β - amyrin, removed the hexane phase. Although the phytochemical study, the FAT -Ap was subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography, which allowed the isolation and identification of two indole alkaloids monoterpenoid of plumerano core (15 metoxipirifolidina and 15 metoxiaspidospermina. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential were performed paw edema test and test peritonitis, both induced by carrageenan. As for evaluating the anti - nociceptive activity was chosen for nociception models of formalin induced writhing test induced by acetic acid. As for the pharmacological results, the FAT-Ap showed anti- inflammatory potential both as analgesic, reaching up to 85.57% inhibition (at 30 mg / kg) of writhes induced by acetic acid, versus animal models. Thus, this kind has proved promising source of substances with therapeutic potential. However, care is presented for the reservation - toxicity (LD50 = 160 mg / kg), thus conditioning its use for the determination of safe doses.