A práxis do enfermeiro na assistência à pessoa com lesão medular e disfunção do trato urinário

Abstract

Introduction: spinal cord injury occurs when the structures contained in the spinal canal are affected, leading to changes, including the urinary tract dysfunction. The nurse plays a fundamental role in assisting the person with this disorder and care actions need to be part of this professional praxis. Objective: to analyse nursing practice in the care of people with spinal cord injury and dysfunction of the urinary tract during the clinical treatment. Methods: census, descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, conducted with a sample of 19 nurses who assist persons with spinal cord injury in the clinical treatment phase in neurology and pediatrics sector of an emergency hospital and trauma of the State of Paraíba. Nurses were excluded who were on vacation or leave during the collection period and those that were not found in the performance of local search after three attempts on different shifts. Data collection took place from December 2014 to February 2015 and used a validated instrument, semi- structured and self-administered, built by researchers. Exploratory analysis were used (absolute and relative frequency, mean, mode, median and standard deviation), non-parametric statistical tests chi-square and Fisher exact to verify equal proportions (univariate) and independence (bivariate) respectively. Data entry was performed on a worksheet, then the processing, treatment and analysis occurred through the use of SAS software 9.1. For the analysis considered the significance level of p less than or equal to 0.05. The study was submitted to the Ethics Committee of the Paraíba State University and was approved under the Opinion and followed the ethical and legal guidelines contained in Resolution No. 466, of December 12 2012 of the National Health Council. Results: all nurses are unaware of the Person to Care Guidelines with Spinal Cord Injury and 63% had inadequate knowledge about the urinary tract dysfunction. Only the institution that professionals were trained joined the knowledge. Most nurses do not feel prepared and not able to provide assistance. Have another employment, the number of areas in which he worked in nursing and training to assist the person with spinal cord injury and urinary dysfunction presented relation to the preparation and nursing capacity. 15 (79%) nurses said they perform and document the systematization of nursing care. Associations between their implementation and documentation and the socio-demographic and professional information were found. Conclusions: these data reinforce the need to develop institutional policies that provide the in-depth knowledge nurses on urinary dysfunction in people with spinal cord injury, so that a quality nursing care is provided. The nurse or the institution should adopt motivational strategies, seeking the professional development of workers involved in the industry. Among these strategies is encouraging systematic assistance.