Síntese, caracterização e aplicação do acetato de celulose a partir da palma forrageira (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller) para liberação modificada de fármacos

Abstract

The application of polymers in modified release of drugs is already a reality in the pharmaceutical field. The polymers obtained from plants, especially cellulosic derivatives, are among the most used in the production of new release systems groups and the origin of the raw material, a critical factor in the quality and the final properties of polymer and systems. This work aimed to produce and characterize cellulose acetate extracted from cactus pear and apply it to modified release of drugs. The botanical collection and identification of Opuntia ficus-indica L. Miller was held at National Institute for the Semiarid. The plant was dried, pulverized and subjected to successive chemical treatments for obtain/pulp and purification production of acetylated derivative. The extraction yield of cellulose by the method adopted was 8,41%. The polymer and the acetylated derivative were characterized by Spectroscopies of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Forrier Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with energy dispersive (SEM-XRD), and analytical techniques, analyses which confirmed their identities and quality. The microparticles were produced by emulsification / solvent evaporation, presenting itself as spherical structures, in micrometer range (2-7μm), with roughness on the surface and the presence of small pores. The method of quantification by spectrophotometry of sodium diclofenac (drug model) has been validated, being considered: linear, selective, exact and precise, according to requirement of RE. 899/2003. obtained approximately 57% of sodium diclofenac encapsulated in the system, with release maintained constant the concentration percentage average of 57-62% in the range of 8-64hs. it is therefore concluded that the cellulose acetate obtained from forage palm presented excellent technological properties for application in the production of micro-particles with good results on the drug release kinetics model and favourable prospects for future applications of other drugs in this system, adding even greater value to cactus pear culture.