Estudo clínico e histopatológico e avaliação imunohistoquímica da proteína ki67 em queilites actínicas

Abstract

Actinic cheilitis is the main lesion with malignant potential of the lower lip, and it is considered a precursor of squamous cell carcinoma in this region. The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical expression of Ki67 protein in actinic cheilitis aiming better understanding its biological behavior. This research was of transversal, descriptive, analytical, observational, blinded, quantitative, clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical kind. Thirty cases of actinic cheilitis were clinically and histologically evaluated using pre-established parameters and subjected to immunohistochemistry by streptavidin-biotin method in order to evaluate the expression of protein Ki67. Data were submitted to Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. It was verified that the most affected gender was male (86.7%), median age was 52,5 years with standard deviation of ±15.75, the most prevalent occupation was farmer (43.3%) and the most affected skin color was white (76.7%). Almost the entire sample was exposed to the sun (90%), although 53.3% used to wear some kind of protection. The main forms of clinical presentation of these lesions were not ulcerated leukoplakia (43.3%), followed by not ulcerated erythroplakia (33.3%). Regarding the main histomorphological characteristics, it was observed that the hyperkeratosis became more present (43.3%) and there were no cases of carcinoma in situ. Although Ki67 protein has been expressed in all cases analyzed, there was not correlation between this protein immunohistochemical expression index and any other analyzed variable. However, it can be concluded that there were cell proliferative activity in varying degrees in these lesions.