Políticas públicas no enfrentamento da violência contra a mulher à luz da teoria de Amartya Sen das capacitações e liberdades instrumentais

Abstract

This study aims to analyze how development policies contribute to addressing violence against women and to examine their implications for social development, in light of Amartya Sen’s theory of capabilities and instrumental freedoms. It is based on the premise that individual freedom is not only an end in itself but also a means for social transformation, with the expansion of real freedoms serving as a key indicator of development. From this perspective, violence against women constitutes a serious violation of human rights, undermining their full citizenship and restricting their fundamental capabilities. The methodology adopted is exploratory and descriptive in nature, employing an analytical approach to quantitative data. The review of analytical variables was conducted through documentary and bibliometric research, covering the period from 2018 to 2023, using the SciELO, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The findings suggest that recent social transformations have intensified debates regarding the effectiveness of public development policies as instruments for safeguarding fundamental rights. It is concluded that the persistence of gender-based violence hinders women's progress in terms of freedom, equality, and development, thereby requiring more effective and integrated political responses.