Análise comparativa do preparo de canais radiculares instrumentados por diferentes sistemas mecanizados: um estudo com microtomografia computadorizada

Abstract

The concept of minimally invasive endodontics allows for root canal treatment while preserving tissue and maintaining as much healthy tooth structure as possible. The objective of this study was to analyze and compare the modeling capacity of the Trunatomy, XP-Endo Shaper and Race Evo mechanized instruments in the preparation of curved mesial root canals, using Micro-CT. This was an in vitro experimental study, carried out at the Department of Dentistry of the State University of Paraíba (UEPB) - campus I with approval from the Research Ethics Committee (UEPB) under the following CAAE: 57517922.700005187. Thirty-six mesial canals of mandibular molars with curvatures were analyzed using periapical radiographs, which were randomly separated into 3 groups (n=12). Canals were prepared using the Trunatomy, XP-Endo Shaper and Race Evo systems following the instrumentation protocol recommended by the respective manufacturers. Micro-CT scans were performed before and after mechanical preparation of the selected canals. The analyzed parameters were: volume (in mm³); surface area (in mm²); SMI (Structure Model Index) and channel transport. The data found were compared between the groups using one-way ANOVA statistical analyzes and Tukey's tests for data that presented normal distribution and the Kruskal-Wallis test with post-hoc Student-Newman-Keus for data that presented normal distribution. many different. In the volume parameter, the systems showed an average increase of 68.03% (TNA), 91.45% (REV) and 192.18% (XPS), with a statistically significant difference between the Trunatomy and XP-Endo Shaper groups (p < 0.05). The mean percentage increase in the surface area parameter was 20.53% (TNA); 31.03% (REV) and 71.23% (XPS), with a statistically significant difference between the Trunatomy and XP-Endo Shaper groups (p < 0.05). In the SMI parameter, the TNA system showed a mean difference of 0.30, the REV of 0.24 and the XPS of 0.08, showing a statistically significant difference between the Trunatomy and XP-Endo Shaper groups (p < 0.05) . As for transport, the TNA and XPS systems presented an average rate of 0.002, while the REV system was 0.003, with no significant difference between the three systems in relation to the average transport rate. It is concluded that the XP-Endo Shaper and Race Evo systems had similar and more effective modeling effectiveness than the Trunatomy system, therefore, all systems used showed efficiency in cleaning and shaping moderately curved canals with minimal transport.