A questão sociocientífica poluição do açude Bodocongó e a abordagem STEAM: contribuições para formação inicial de professores de química

Abstract

This paper presents a research activity carried out at the State University of Paraíba through a training course with students enrolled in a Bachelor's Degree Course at UEPB. This course was attended by 15 undergraduate students between the third and seventh semesters of different Bachelor's Degree courses at UEPB. The theoretical contributions guiding the thesis refer to the approaches of Science, Technology and Society (STS), Socio-Scientific Issues (SSI) and STEAM approach, from the acronym for Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics. These approaches have been the subject of discussions that permeate the process of raising awareness to promote people's social responsibility and contribute to the goals of sustainable development. Regarding the research objectives, the general objective was to analyze the contributions of the activities developed in the initial training of teachers based on the triad: teaching, learning and application, articulating the SSI Pollution of the Bodocongó Reservoir with the STEAM Approach. The defended thesis points out that it is possible, through the QSC pollution of the Bodocongó reservoir and with a STEAM approach, to dialogue with themes of the school curriculum from a transdisciplinary perspective, respecting the Ethical, Historical, Socio-environmental and Economic Aspects, to collaborate with the training course as a teaching learning environment, in which the undergraduate students reflect on the social function of the teacher, which allowed the articulation of popular, academic and scientific knowledge from a perspective of citizenship formation. During the activities of the training course, the undergraduate students participated in a series of activities consisting of discussion groups on the theoretical and methodological contributions of the research, focal and group guidance, which allowed the elaboration of the integrative investigative didactic sequence and later regency in basic education. The research is qualitative in nature. The data production instruments were semi-structured questionnaires and a Likert scale. The Collective Subject Analysis (CSD) technique and the Word Cloud program were used to organize the data. Based on the data produced by the group of teachers in initial training, it was possible to systematize in the CSD the participants' understandings about QSC, STEAM approach and the problem of pollution of the Bodocongó reservoir as socio-scientific characteristics. The results showed that the use of the theme of pollution of the Bodocongó reservoir articulated with the STEAM approach in the training course enabled a space for teacher training from a transdisciplinary, reflective and collaborative perspective, in which teachers understood their social function in the teaching-learning process and their commitment to the formation of active citizens who question and recognize themselves as part of society, who are capable of interacting with the problems of their social context. With this, it is possible to consider that the participants of the training course understood the importance of planning didactic and pedagogical actions using socio-scientific themes, since they allow interaction with popular, school and scientific knowledge, in addition to collaborating with the process of redefining teaching practice. Finally, we emphasize that the use of these approaches collaborated with the social dialogue of the Bodocongó reservoir from a transdisciplinary perspective and linked to the objectives of sustainable development and inseparable from citizenship formation.