Transtorno de ansiedade em mulheres de um distrito rural do nordeste brasileiro.

Abstract

The study aimed to understand the reasons for illness due to anxiety disorders in women in a Rural District in the Brazilian Northeast and more specifically, to investigate the factors that potentiate anxiety disorders in women living in rural areas and to analyze the coping strategies adopted by women with disorders. of anxiety in your daily life. This is a case study, with a qualitative approach. The study setting was the District of São José da Mata, located in the municipality of Campina Grande, Paraíba. The study participants were 19 women aged 20 to 49 years, diagnosed with anxiety disorder, users of primary health care services. For data collection, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale was used to identify the degree of signs of anxiety in women with a clinical diagnosis of anxiety disorder, and then a semi-structured interview was carried out. Data analysis was carried out using Content Analysis. The sociodemographic profile corresponds to women aged 40 to 49 years (36.8%), where (63.2%) are married, (63.2%) have completed secondary education and a family income predominantly of 1 or less of a salary -minimum (42.1%); the majority (26.3%) were homemakers and had children. It can be identified that 80% of women had a severe level of anxiety. The women's reports showed that pressure in the work environment or responsibilities, as well as domestic activities and/or childcare; pressure arising from the financial situation; Traumatic situations and conflicting family relationships can increase the level of anxiety. The main strategies used in the management of anxiety disorders by women in the rural context were the practice of physical activity, support networks, continuous monitoring with mental health professionals and religiosity. Finally, it is important to expand strategies through the psychosocial support network for women with anxiety disorders, as well as assistance from health professionals trained to welcome, care and guide strategies that promote the control of women's anxiety in primary care. the health. Furthermore, it is recommended to promote research in rural contexts in order to enable the implementation of public policies that ensure mental health care for rural women.