Síndrome de Burnout em profissionais de enfermagem: impactos da satisfação no trabalho e da percepção do suporte social

Abstract

Burnout Syndrome (BS) is a non-psychotic disorder characterized by profound physical and psychological exhaustion that appears in the individual in response to chronic work stressors. It can affect any occupational group in environments of high demand and pressure at work, being more common in professions that require direct and frequent contact with people, as in the case of health professionals who have been identified by international organizations as the most affected by this disease. type of disorder. The present study aimed to analyze the influence of Job Satisfaction and Social Support at Work on Burnout Syndrome in nursing professionals working in children's hospitalization units at University Hospitals in Paraíba. The research had a quantitative-correlational design, taking the BS factors as dependent variables and the factors of job satisfaction and social support at work as independent variables, not assuming causal relationships. The following instruments were applied: Sociodemographic Questionnaire; Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo; Job Satisfaction Scale and Perceived Social Support at Work Scale. The data from the questionnaires were entered into the Statistical Package for Social Science program and descriptive statistical analyses, normality, correlational and inferential tests (Multiple Linear Regression) were applied. The results identified a prevalence of BS (profiles 1 and 2) of 26.6% in the sample, with high levels of Psychic Exhaustion and Work Illusion. In Job Satisfaction, he obtained a significant result for satisfaction with peers (colleagues and management) and a lower index for Satisfaction with Promotions. In Social Support at Work, the biggest highlight was Emotional Support and with the lowest evaluation for the factors Instrumental Support and Informational Support. In the regression analyses, the factors Satisfaction with the Nature of Work and Informational Support were the greatest predictors of Burnout. The results are expected to contribute with data that stimulate the educational debate on mental health in hospital environments and intervention possibilities to improve working conditions and worker health care.