Membranas obtidas pela técnica de inversão de fases aplicadas no tratamento de corantes da indústria têxtil

Abstract

Effluents of domestic or industrial origin are responsible for a large part of the planet's pollution load. The textile industry is the main generator of effluents due to greater water consumption for its different wet processing operations. This work aims to obtain membranes from polyamide yarns from tire production waste adding CaCO3, with microfiltration characteristics to be applied in the treatment of effluents from the textile industry. Microporous membranes were obtained from hybrids of a synthetic polyamide fiber66 (PA66) with 1, 3 and 5% by weight of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), dissolved in hydrochloric acid and introduced calcium chloride (CaCl2) using the technique phase inversion using the immersion-precipitation method. CaCO3 was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The membranes were characterized by FTIR, atomic force microscopy (MFA), water absorption, porosity, contact angle, maximum pore radius, water vapor permeation (PVA), permeate flux with water and with effluent containing dye , average pore radius, yield, color, turbidity, pH and electrical conductivity. When the membranes were subjected to different dye concentrations (100, 300 and 500 mg.L-1), the PA66/3% CaCO3 membrane stood out with the best fluxes obtained. In general, all hybrid membrane compositions produced a greater volume of permeate compared to the pure membrane. Therefore, the addition of CaCO3 enhanced the flow and permeability properties of the hybrid membranes, as well as presenting significant results for removing the dye from the synthetic effluent, being justified by the positive results of atomic force microscopy, contact angle, porosity, water absorption . It was noted that the concentration of dye in the effluent produced did not affect the yield of the membranes, as all tested compositions removed above 94% of dye in the permeate produced. The permeate produced by all membranes meets the quality standards of the water tested with regard to color, pH, electrical conductivity and turbidity. Therefore, it was found that the hybrid membranes obtained have potential for treating effluents with textile dyes.