A terceirização do cuidado: o serviço em família acolhedora face ao desmonte das políticas sociais.

Abstract

The present dissertation seeks to analyze the modality of foster care through the Foster Family Service (SFA). Family foster care is a measure of protection for children and adolescents, victims of violation of rights and who, for this reason, were removed from the family and placed in the Foster Family Service - in community homes - during the necessary period, until the situation that generated the reception is remedied. The SFA is a public policy of the State provided for in several regulations, pointed out by the Statute of the Child and Adolescent (ECA) as the priority modality of reception to the detriment of institutional reception. The neoliberal advance engendered by the capitalist system has been favoring situations of rights violations and weakening of infant care by parents and/or guardians. And it is in this scenario that the State assumes the position of a minimum State for the working class and a maximum for capital, judicializing social rights and criminalizing poverty, making families solely responsible (familism) for the search for the means to acquire the livelihood provisions of those that are under its responsibility, characterizing the face of the penal State to the detriment of the welfare State. With the reduction of investment in public policies, voluntary work practices have been intensified, as in the case of the SFA, transferring to the community the social protection that should be provided in full by the State. The study intended to answer the following question: does the Foster Family Service actually consist of a protection measure or an outsourcing of care in the face of the dismantling of public policies and the precariousness of work? The research was based on bibliographical research and on official public documents, having as the locus of investigation the Welcoming Family Service in the city of João Pessoa-PB. The study showed that with the scenario of dismantling public policies and the offensive and neoliberal advance engendered by the capitalist system, now in extremely fierce configurations called ultraneoliberalism, it produces in a dialectical movement, the implementation of the Cozy Family Service, which represents a less harmful to children and adolescents than institutional care, on the other hand, in the current scenario of dismantling public policies, this becomes a considerable strategy to relieve the State, especially using volunteering, in view of the SFA , to be a public policy at the level of special social protection of high complexity for children and adolescents, which requires government officials to invest at a low cost, when compared to the investment necessary for the implementation and maintenance of an institutional shelter. In the meantime, the low investment in preventing the violation of rights, in social assistance policy, employment and income generation, health, education, housing, culture and leisure, which are essential to guarantee the protection of the most vulnerable population, favors that the reasons that led to the reception remain, perpetuating the lack of social protection in which children, adolescents and their families find themselves.