A participação do Brasil nas operações de paz da ONU com base nos princípios da política externa brasileira (1993-2011)

Abstract

Brazil, since the creation of the United Nations (UN), in 1945, has played a relevant role in the process of establishing and participating in peace operations, with the aim at maintaining peace, international security, and better integration into the International Society. However, the country's decision to participate at them, especially in peace-enforcement operations, has been legally criticized for being unconstitutional. The general objective of this research is to verify the Brazilian participation at the UN peace operations (1993-2011), particularly to understand their characteristics, to examine the vote for their approval, and the Brazilian participation for their establishment, based on its foreign policy principles. The study is relevant, as it allows to verify the criteria and interests regarding its participation in UN peace operations and the principles of Brazilian foreign policy (PEB) that guide the country's actions at the heart of these instruments for international peace and security. The period was chosen because it is the period in which the Brazilian state redemocratized, after years of military dictatorship and became more active in the UNSC. The object of the research results in the following problem: Was Brazil's vote for the establishment of UN peace operations and its participation at them guided by the principles of the PEB? The hypothesis raised to solve the problem is as follows: Brazil's vote for the establishment of UN peace operations in the Security Council and the country's participation at them was guided by the principles of the PEB. In conclusion, both participation and voting were in accordance with the Brazilian Constitution. This research was qualitative, exploratory and bibliographical (doctrine and documents) and was developed through systematic content analysis, discourse analysis, case studies and information technology resources for making maps and charts. In addition, figures were used to synthesize and clarify the descriptive content. Neoliberal, English school and foreign policy analysis theories supported the research, concluding that the country's participation in UN peace operations in the period (1993-2011) were based on PEB principles, therefore, were constitutional.